Study Task 2: Triangulation table

Triangulation & Referencing Task Worksheet

Theme: Politics / Society / Culture / History / Technology / Aesthetics

Focus:Culture

Book reference (author, year of publish) e.g. “Jones, 2015”	Relevant key points in summary (use bullet points)	Additional notes (e.g. for or against)
Bettelheim, B. (1989)	·         Fairy tales give the message that a struggle against severe difficulties in life is unavoidable and an intrinsic part of human existence ·         if you do not shy away from the unexpected and perhaps unjust challenge, you will emerge victorious ·         modern stories written for young children mainly avoid existential problems	I agree that fairy tales could prepare a child with an awareness that life will not always be easy and that the idea that facing your problem rather than hiding from it is something that should be reinforced in a child's mind. I am more against the idea that modern stories avoid life's problems, as I think it is untrue in a lot of examples of modern children's literature.
Marilyn Fleer & Marie Hammer (2013)	·         Fairy Tales are an emotionally imaginative situation for helping children to become aware of their emotions and feeling state when engaged in the storytelling and reenactment of fairytales, potentially leading to the development of children’s self-regulation of emotions ·         Children make emotional corrections in emotionally imaginative situations. As the imaginary situations become more complex, more cognitive emotionality is needed reflecting the child’s own self and social awareness.	I agree that fairytales allow children to develop their own critical thinking and problem solving skills and should not be removed from school curriculum.
P. Tsitsani, S. Psyllidou, S. P. Batzios, S. Livas, M. Ouranos and D. Cassimos, (2010)	·         storytelling provides not only entertainment, but also a creative way to help children form a clear picture of themselves in order to be able to understand others and develop meaningful relationships with them ·         All parents agreed on the positive effect of fairy tales and quoted several behavioural patterns that their children exhibit in order to share their enthusiasm ·         fairy tales represent a literary genre concerned with finding solutions and developing the ‘self’ ·         the punishment of evil characters is well tolerated and does not seem to have a pathological effect upon children ·          Fundamental universal values and principles, such as courage, bravery, honesty and sincerity, can find, through storytelling, a safe conduct to children’s souls, thus influencing their future behaviour and their way of life.	The findings of this study on how parents believe fairytales affect their children are extremely positive and provide a lot of evidence supporting Bettelheim’s quote.
E. Pretorius , H. Naudé & U. Pretorius (2005)	·         Reading of fairytales only once to a child without repeating and discussing they does not necessarily improve the memory of a child; while facts repeated or ‘replayed’ enhance ‘memory’, and ‘memory practicing’ and environmental enrichment should form an integral part of a child’s education. ·         parents and educators should place more emphasis on memory ‘training’ activities followed by reinforcement of facts, than perhaps lengthy and sometimes taxing reading activities	I am inclined to disagree with this study, I think the way they have compared the learning a child would gain from the reading of fairy tales and the learning they would gain from memory exercises would both be helpful but teach the child completely different skills.

History of Type Part 2

In part two of Fred's lecture we were introduced to post modernism within type, beginning with the Bauhaus movement in the 1920s. I found this part of the lecture interesting, particularly the concept that "form follows function." This concept was key in developing the fonts we know today, and also in the birth of graphic design. During the Bauhaus movement all different areas of creative practice - such as theatre, fashion, interior design etc all came together. 

We also learned about the origins of fonts such as Helvetica and Arial. Helvetica was developed first and has survived so long because of its clean and basic style. The font represents the epitome of 20th Century Graphic Design. We also discussed the Comic Sans font in this lecture. It is supposedly easier for people with Dyslexia to understand, and while I dont hate it, I would say it should be used only in certain settings- and definitely not nay that are very important. The most interesting part of the lecture for me was when Fred discussed how the way we express type has almost come full circle- comparing the modern day emoji to cave paintings found in prehistoric times, both of which are used to convey meaning through an image.